Izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezimandundu, ezifana nokukhukuliseka kwamanzi olwandle, ukufuma okuphezulu, imvula enkulu, imimoya enamandla kunye notshintsho olukhulu lobushushu. Indawo engqongileyo yaselwandle ifuna ukuba izibane zokukhangela zingabi namozulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwazo kokusebenza kwaye zandise ubomi bazo benkonzo, ngelixa ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Eli nqaku liza kuxoxa ngemigaqo ephambili yoyilo, izixhobo, ubuchwepheshe kunye neendlela zoyilo olumelana nemozulu lwezibane zokukhangela zaselwandle.
Imingeni kwiNdawo zaseLwandle
Indalo yaselwandle inika imingeni emibini emikhulu kubayili bezixhobo: izinto ezirhabaxa kunye namandla oomatshini agqwalisa izixhobo ezingacwangciswanga kakuhle. I-oxidation iya kukhawulezisa, kwaye imitha ye-ultraviolet eqhubekayo nayo iya konakalisa izinto ezikwindawo yokutshiza ityuwa yaselwandle. Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lomahluko wobushushu basemini nasebusuku kunye nomahluko wobushushu baselwandle kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni nasekuncipheni kwezinto, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa umngcipheko wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwetywina. Ukungcangcazela okuqhubekayo kunye nempembelelo yamaza kuzisa nemingeni eyongezelelweyo kwinkqubo yoyilo, kwaye iinjineli kufuneka zisombulule ezi ngxaki ngovavanyo lokuqina.
Umgaqo-siseko woYilo lweZibane zokukhangela zaseLwandle eziKhuselekileyo kwiMozulu
Fumana imigangatho yokhuseleko ephezulu
| IP Rating | Ukhuseleko lothuli (Idijithi yoku-1) | Ukukhuselwa Kwamanzi (Idijithi yesi-2) | Ukusebenza kwiiNdawo zaseLwandle |
|---|---|---|---|
| IP 55 | 5 – Ikhuselwe luthuli (ukungena okuncinci) | 5 – Iijethi zamanzi (umlomo we-6.3mm, 12.5 L/min) | Ukusebenza kwiiNdawo zaseLwandle Ifanelekile emanzini akhuselekileyo angaphakathi okanye kwimvula encinci. Akukhuthazwa ukuba kusetyenziswe ulwandle oluvulekileyo. |
| IP 56 | 5 – Ikhuselwe luthuli (ukungena okuncinci) | 6 – Iijethi zamanzi ezinamandla (i-12.5mm nozzle, 100L/min) | Ilungele iinqanawa zaselunxwemeni kunye neenqanawa zokuloba ezijongene nemozulu embi. |
| IP 66 | 6 – Uthuli alungeni (alungeni) | 6 – Iijethi zamanzi ezinamandla (i-12.5mm nozzle, 100L/min) | Ilungele iinqanawa zemithwalo ezihamba elwandle, iinqanawa zokuthutha impahla, kunye neenqanawa zokusebenza kwiimeko ezimaxongo. |
| IP 67 | 6 – Uthuli alungeni (alungeni) | 7 – Ukuntywiliselwa emanzini (ubunzulu obuyi-1m, imizuzu engama-30) | Ibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwizibane ezifakwe kwidekhi ezinokukhukuliswa ngamanzi okwethutyana. |
Umgaqo oyintloko woyilo lokumelana nemozulu yezibane zokukhangela zaselwandle kukubonelela ngokhuseleko nokuba kumanzi nakwiindawo ezinothuli. Ngokwesiqhelo, oku kuchazwa linqanaba lokhuseleko, elibubungqina obuqinileyo bokuba iqokobhe liyakwazi ukumelana ngempumelelo nezinto zangaphandle. Izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle ezilungileyo zinokuthintela ukungena kwamanzi nokuba kuphantsi kwempembelelo yemvula enkulu okanye amaza. isinxibelelanisi sombane saselwandle, umngxuma wokungena kwentambo, ujongano loomatshini njalo njalo ziye zanegalelo ekufezekisweni kokusebenza kobuchule obuphezulu bokungangeni manzi. Oku akupheleli nje ekwenzeni ezi zibane zasemanzini zikwazi ukumelana nemozulu kwaye zihlale ixesha elide, kodwa kukwaqinisekisa umgangatho wokwenziwa kwazo.
Khetha izinto ezimelana nokugqwala
Isiseko salo naluphi na ulwandle olunzima olusebenzisa izinto zokukhangela sisakhiwo salo esibonakalayo. Iinjineli kufuneka ziphephe ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa iintsimbi zentsimbi ezisemgangathweni kwaye endaweni yoko zixhomekeke kwizinto zobungcali zolwandle. Umgangatho wegolide weegobolondo zangaphandle uhlala unee-alloys ze-aluminium zodidi lwelwandle (ezifana nee-alloys ze-6082 okanye ze-5083) eziphathwe ngeengubo ezifakwe i-anodized, okanye eziqinileyo kakhulu. I-316L ngentsimbiEzi zinto ngokwazo zinokumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi anetyuwa okuphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo enokuthintela ukuncitshiswa kwamandla esakhiwo nasemva kweminyaka yokuchatshazelwa rhoqo ngamaconsi olwandle.
Ukongeza, icandelo elicacileyo (ilensi) kufuneka lilinganise phakathi kokucaca kokukhanya kunye nokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu kwempembelelo. Iglasi eqinileyo okanye i-polycarbonate eqinisiweyo eqiniswe kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet idla ngokusetyenziswa, kwaye umphezulu ugqunywe ngomaleko ongathathi cala ukuqinisekisa ukuba amathontsi amanzi anokujijeka aze aqengqeleke ngoko nangoko, ukuze kugcinwe indlela ecacileyo yokukhanya.
| ilungu | Izixhobo zorhwebo ezisemgangathweni | Izinto Ezingangenisi Imozulu Ezikumgangatho Wolwandle | Inzuzo yokuqala |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZeZindlu | Intsimbi yeCarbon epeyintiweyo | I-316L yentsimbi engagqwaliyo/i-Aluminiyam eyosiweyo | Ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi anetyuwa okugqwesileyo. |
| ilenisi | Iglasi eqhelekileyo | I-Polycarbonate efudumeleyo / Iglasi efudumeleyo | Ithintela ukuqhekeka; iyamelana nokutshayiswa bubushushu. |
| Iimpawu | Irabha esisiseko | Ii-Silicone O-Rings kunye nee-Potting Compounds | Imelana notshintsho olukhulu lwe-UV kunye nobushushu. |
| Fasteners | Izikrufu ezineZinc-Plated | Izixhobo zeStainless zeBanga loLwandle | Iphelisa ukubola kwe-galvanic okuhlala kwindawo ethile. |
Yila iinkqubo zokutywina ezinokuthenjwa
Izinto zodwa azinakukhusela izinto ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka; iqokobhe elibonakalayo kufuneka lingangeni ngokupheleleyo. Iinjineli zifezekisa le njongo ngokusebenzisa izitywina zesakhiwo ezinamaleko amaninzi. Umngxuma ochanekileyo uxhotyiswe ngee-O-rings ze-silicone ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ezi-O-rings ziyanda kwaye zinciphe ngokutshintsha kobushushu, kwaye azisoze ziphulukane nesitywina sazo esingangeni moya. Ukongeza, izixhobo ze-elektroniki zangaphakathi zihlala zigqunywe kwiikhompawundi zePotting, i-resin eqinileyo egquma ngokupheleleyo isekethe. Oku akugcini nje ngokuthintela amanzi kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki zangaphakathi, kodwa kwaphucula kakhulu amandla okukhangela aselwandle okumelana nokungcangcazela kwenjini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukhanya kokukhangela kwaselwandle kusenokusebenza nakwezona zivuthuvuthu zinokuphazamiseka.
Khusela izinto ze-elektroniki kumswakama
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zesibane se-kerosene esiqhuma ngokubandayo kukuba sinokusisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo isibane esisetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphandle kwesidingo sombane webhetri. Nangona i-glare iveliswa emini eqhelekileyo, yingxaki encinci, kuba i-glare eveliswa zizibane ze-kerosene inamandla kakhulu. Ukuba nje izinto ze-spotlight optical ezintle zinokugutyungelwa ngempumelelo, le ngxaki ye-glare inokungahoywa.
Ukulawula ubushushu ngaphakathi kweendawo ezivalekileyo
Ngenxa yokuba uyilo olumelana nemozulu ludla ngokunxulunyaniswa neqokobhe elivaliweyo, luya kunciphisa ukujikeleza komoya okuhle kwaye lukhokelele ekuqokeleleni kobushushu obuveliswa ngumthombo wokukhanya kunye nezinto ze-elektroniki. Ke ngoko, ulawulo olufanelekileyo lobushushu lubalulekile ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo - uyilo lwangaphakathi lwezibane zokukhangela zaselwandle kufuneka lube nokuqhuba okuphezulu. Ukuqinisekisa amandla oomatshini kunye nozinzo yenye into ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ubomi bemveliso, kwaye ukuthembeka kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yoyilo kunye nemveliso.
Qinisekisa ukuba oomatshini banamandla kwaye bazinza
Izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle zihlala zichaphazeleka kukungcangcazela, ukuthuthumela kunye nemimoya enamandla kwindawo yaselwandle. Ke ngoko, uyilo lwayo olumelana nemozulu kufuneka lubandakanye iimpawu zesakhiwo eziphucula amandla oomatshini kunye nozinzo. Indlu eqinisiweyo, inkqubo yokufakela eqinileyo kunye nezixhobo ezichasene nokungcangcazela ziqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo ezinjalo zigcina ulungelelwano kunye nokusebenza phantsi kweemeko eziguquguqukayo. Uyilo olucwangcisiweyo lunokunciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo yamandla omoya namanzi, ngaloo ndlela luphucula ukuqina kwenkqubo iyonke.
Thintela ukufuma kunye nokuqokelelana komswakama ngaphakathi
Utshintsho lobushushu lunokukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwamanzi aqunyiweyo kwinkqubo evalwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukulawula ukufuma kwindlu kubalulekile ekukhuseleni izinto ezibonakalayo neze-elektroniki. Ezinye iindlela ziquka ukusebenzisa izinto zokucoca, izinto zokukhusela inkungu, kunye nezinto zokulinganisela uxinzelelo ukuze kuzinziswe ukufuma kwangaphakathi. Uyilo olufanelekileyo lunokuqinisekisa ukuba isakhiwo sangaphakathi sihambelana ngaphandle kokuchaphazela isitywina sangaphandle.
Gcina ukucaca kokukhanya kunye nokukhuselwa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isibane sokukhangela saselwandle sisasebenza ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zendalo (ezifana nokuchatshazelwa yindalo), nayiphi na inkqubo kufuneka igcinwe icocekile. Ilensi kunye nesigqubuthelo sothuli zenzelwe ukumelana nempembelelo, ukukrweleka kunye nokukhukuliseka kwendalo. Izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle zibonelela ngombono ocacileyo nokuba kwiimeko ezinenkungu okanye ezingangeni manzi. Kwizibane zokukhangela zokuhamba kunye nokhuseleko, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwexesha elide kugcinwe ukusebenza okufunekayo ngumsebenzisi.
Uvavanyo kunye neMigangatho kwiZibane zokukhangela zaseLwandle ukuze zisebenze ngendlela engangeni mozulu
Kutheni uvavanyo lokutshiza ngetyuwa kunye nokungcangcazela luyimfuneko? Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-IP, izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle zokwenyani zikwavavanywa ngokukhawuleza ukuguga kwendalo. uvavanyo lokutshiza ityuwa iveza isibane sokukhangela saselwandle kwi-spray yetyuwa eqhubekayo, exineneyo neyonakalisayo kakhulu kangangeeyure ezingamakhulu okanye amawaka ukuze ilinganise iminyaka yokuvezwa kwendalo yolwandle. Ukuba iqokobhe libonisa iimpawu zokudumba, ukugqwala okanye ukungena kwamanzi, uvavanyo luyasilela. Ngokufanayo, umgangatho we-IEC 60068 ucacisa uvavanyo lokungcangcazela okuqatha kunye novavanyo lomothuko loomatshini. Kuphela ngezi protocol zovavanyo ezineenkcukacha apho imveliso inokuqinisekiswa njengesixhobo sokhuseleko saselwandle esithembekileyo kwaye sivunywe ukuba sisetyenziswe kwihlabathi lokwenyani.
Iiteknoloji Ezisakhasayo kuYilo Olungangenisi Imozulu kwiZibane Zokukhangela zaseLwandle
Nangona iindlela zemveli zokumelana nemozulu zisebenza kakuhle, uthotho lweetekhnoloji ezintsha ziphucula ngakumbi ukumelana nolwandle kwezibane zokukhangela ezandisa ubomi bazo benkonzo kwaye zinciphisa iimfuno zokugcinwa kwazo. Ezi zilandelayo ziindlela ezisi-7 eziphambili zobugcisa.
Izixhobo eziphezulu
Isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo iya ibaluleke ngakumbi kuyilo lokumelana nemozulu. Kule mihla, ii-alloys ezinokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye nee-composites ezikhethekileyo zinokumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi anetyuwa kangangoko, kwaye izakhiwo zazo ezincinci zilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukugqwala, ukubola, ukusasazwa kunye nokugqwala kweekhemikhali. Ezinye uyilo zidibanisa iintsimbi kunye nee-polymers ezisebenza kakhulu kwisakhiwo esixutyiweyo ukuze kufezekiswe ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo phakathi kwamandla, ubunzima kunye nokuxhathisa okusingqongileyo, ukuze iqokobhe lokukhangela libe namandla kwaye lisebenze ngakumbi.
I-Nanocoating kunye ne-hydrophobic surface technologies
I-Nano-coating izise impumelelo enkulu ekungangeni manzini nasekungangeni manzini. Olu layer lwefilimu oluncinci kakhulu lunokutshintsha imeko yamandla yomphezulu wezinto kwaye luphucule kakhulu ukumelana namanzi kunye nokungangeni manzi. Iindawo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi kunye nezingaphezulu kwamanzi zivumela amathontsi amanzi ukuba aqengqeleke ngokukhawuleza, zisuse amanzi kunye netyuwa. Oku kwandisa ubomi bezinto, kugcina ilensi icacile kwaye ithintela ngokufanelekileyo amabala amanzi kunye nokuqokelelana kokungcola.
Inkqubo yokutywina ekrelekrele
Izixhobo zokuvala ezikrelekrele ziyazitshintsha kancinci kancinci izitywini zemveli, zibonelela ngokubekwa esweni kwemeko kwaye ziqikelela utshintsho lokusingqongileyo ngaphakathi kwigumbi lokuvala kwiindawo zaselwandle nakwiindawo ezikude. Ngokubona ukufuma, ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo, kwanokonakala kwangoko kwezitywini, inokulumkisa kude ngokusilela okunokwenzeka endaweni yee-alamu ezikhawulezileyo xa zisilela. Olu hlobo lokukhangela lwaselwandle olutywiniweyo olukrelekrele ludityanisiwe, olunokuhlala lugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye lunciphise kakhulu iindleko zokungasebenzi kunye nokugcinwa.
Ukulinganiswa koxinzelelo ngetekhnoloji ye-membrane ephucukileyo
Isizukulwana esitsha seenkqubo zokulinganisela uxinzelelo sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili be-membrane obuvumela umoya ukuba udlule kodwa buvale amanzi kwaye bufake izinto ezingcolisayo. Ezi membrane ziphefumlayo zinokugcina ibhalansi yoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle xa ubushushu kunye nokuphakama kutshintsha, kwaye zinciphise uxinzelelo kwisitywina. Izinto ze-membrane ngokwazo zingcono ngokubhekiselele ekuchaseni ukonakala kweekhemikhali, ukuqina kunye nokuzinza ixesha elide, okufanelekileyo kakhulu kwindawo enzima yolwandle.
Izisombululo zolawulo lobushushu eziphuculweyo
Ngenxa yokuthandwa kakhulu kwezibane zokukhangela ze-LED zaselwandle ezinamandla aphezulu, ulawulo lobushushu luye lwaba yinxalenye yoyilo olumelana nemozulu. Ngelixa kugcinwa ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo esivaliweyo, isisombululo esitsha solawulo lobushushu sisebenzisa i-geometry ye-radiator ephuculweyo, izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba, kunye neengubo eziqhuba ubushushu. Ezi zisombululo zinokuthumela ubushushu ngaphandle ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zigcine izixhobo zikwiqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo eliza kwandisa ubomi benkonzo iyonke.
Iingubo zokuziphilisa nezokuthintela ukubola
Ukuzilungisa ngokwako yinkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kubuchwepheshe bokukhusela. Kungalungisa imikrwelo emincinci kunye nokuqhekeka kumphezulu ngaphandle kokungenelela ngesandla. Xa zidityaniswe nokuxhathisa i-UV kunye nokuxhathisa i-oxidation, olu phawu lunokuxhathisa ukukhukuliseka kwendalo rhoqo kwaye lwandise kakhulu umjikelo wobomi bezibane zokukhangela zaselwandle.
Iitekhnoloji zokukhusela ezibonakalayo eziphambili
Iiteknoloji ezintsha ze-optical ziyaphucula ukuqina nokusebenza kweelensi. Ifilimu echasene nenkungu, umaleko omelana nokukrweleka kunye nezixhobo ze-optical eziphambili zinokunciphisa uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo kwaye zithintele ukuguquguquka kwelensi phantsi kokukhanya okunamandla. Ukuba zidityaniswe nenkqubo ye-optical eguquguqukayo okanye i-shutter ekhuselayo, ilensi ingakhuseleka ngakumbi phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-optical kuhlala kuzinzile kwaye kucacile.
isiphelo
Ngamafutshane, ukutyala imali kwizibane zokukhangela zaselwandle ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuna ukuqonda okunzulu kobuchwephesha bobunjineli obufunekayo ukuze kujongwane neemeko zaselwandle ezinzima. Nokuba kukulungiselela izixhobo zeenqanawa zorhwebo, ukuphucula izibane zeenqanawa ezingangeni manzi, okanye ukuthenga izibane zokukhangela nezokusindisa ze-LED eziphambili kwimisebenzi ye-Coast Guard, ukubeka phambili izixhobo zokhuseleko lwaselwandle eziqinisekisiweyo kunokuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo ebusuku naphantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nezivuthuvuthu, zibonelela ngokukhanya okuthembekileyo okukude.
FAQ
Kwiimpawu zokukhangela zaselwandle ezinokuthenjwa, iimpawu eziphambili ezidumileyo kushishino ziquka iGolight, i-ACR Electronics, iPerko, kunye neCarlisle & Finch, ezithembeke kakhulu ngenxa yokuqina kwazo nokusebenza kwazo ixesha elide kwiindawo ezinzima zaselwandle.
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezibane zolwandle kunye nezibane zokukhangela usekwe kuluhlu lwazo lokukhanyisa, amandla okukhupha, kunye neendlela zokulawula. Nangona zombini zisebenzisa imisebe egxile ekuzulazuleni nasekukhuselekeni, izibane zokukhangela zenzelwe umgama omde, ngelixa izibane zokukhangela zihlala zisetyenziselwa imisebenzi yokuchaneka ekufutshane.
Ewe, izibane zokukhangela zaselwandle ze-LED zezona zithandwayo. Zigcina amandla angaphezu kwama-75% kune-halogen, ukukhanya okuphezulu, ubomi obude (amashumi amawaka eeyure), ukuqalisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokushukuma komhlaba; i-xenon inokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kodwa isetyenziswa ngamandla aphezulu, iibhalbhu ezibizayo kunye nobomi obufutshane. I-LED ikwanobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ayilwa nokugqwala, ifanelekile kwiindawo zaselwandle ezinzima. Uninzi lweenqanawa ezintsha zicebisa iimodeli ze-LED.
Kuxhomekeke kumandla kunye nomzekelo: Izibane zokukhangela ze-Yacht LED zihlala zinokukhanyisa ngempumelelo iimitha ezingama-500-2000; i-Xenon yobungcali enamandla aphezulu okanye i-LED enamandla aphezulu inokufikelela kwiikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-3. Umgama wokwenyani uchatshazelwa kakhulu yimozulu, ukufuma kunye nenkungu yolwandle.
